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Cyperaceae taxon details

Schoenoplectus litoralis (Schrad.) Palla

To Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (Schoenoplectus litoralis K001057173 isotype 1)
To Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (Schoenoplectus litoralis K001057173 isotype 1)

1681393  (urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:1681393)

  1. Biota
  2. Plantae (Kingdom)
  3. Viridiplantae (Subkingdom)
  4. Streptophyta (Infrakingdom)
  5. Tracheophyta (Phylum (Division))
  6. Spermatophytina (Subphylum (Subdivision))
  7. Magnoliopsida (Class)
  8. Lilianae (Superorder)
  9. Poales (Order)
  10. Cyperaceae (Family)
  11. Schoenoplectieae (Tribe)
  12. Schoenoplectus (Genus)
  13. Schoenoplectus litoralis (Species)
accepted
Species

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terrestrial
(of Scirpus litoralis Schrad.) Schrader, H. A. (1806). Flora Germanica. 1., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/6083888#page/10/mode/1up
page(s): 142 [details] 
Description Rizoma de entrenudos ± largos, hasta de 15 mm de diámetro. Tallos (32)80–250 cm × 2–9(13) mm, de trígonos a...  
Description Rizoma de entrenudos ± largos, hasta de 15 mm de diámetro. Tallos (32)80–250 cm × 2–9(13) mm, de trígonos a cilíndricos, verdes. Hojas frecuentemente reducidas a vainas herbáceas o algo escariosas, que cuando se deshacen forman una estructura pinnada, a veces teñidas de color púrpura oscuro; en ocasiones desarrolla láminas hasta de 100 × 1 cm, débiles, flexibles y planas, que permanecen bajo el agua; lígula redondeada, claramente apreciable cuando la lámina está bien desarrollada. Inflorescencia (2,5)5,5–7,5(12,5) cm, en antela, ramificada 1–3 veces, con (14)26–70(100) espiguillas en grupos de 1–4(8); ejes de la inflorescencia comprimidos o poco acanalados, con algunos dientes obliquos o truncados; bráctea inferior (35)53–180(240) × 3–4(5) mm, por lo general algo menor que la inflorescencia, erecta, a veces algo oblicua, trígona a cilíndrica hacia el ápice; espiguillas (5)8–16(23) mm, de contorno ovado a ovado-lanceolado, con (12)16–56(90) flores. Glumas (2,1)2,5–3,5(4) × (1,5)1,6–2,4(3,3) mm, ovadas, de ápice emarginado y mucronado, con la escotadura de 0,1–0,3 mm, ápice de los dientes redondeado y mucrón de 0,1–0,6 mm, recto a veces antrorso-escábrido; lisas, con los bordes glabros o algo ciliados; de color pardo-rojizo al menos en su mitad superior, escariosas hacia la base, aunque en raras ocasiones completamente hialinas, en general con una banda central más clara y márgenes escariosos. Anteras 1,2–2,2 mm, amarillas o anaranjadas, por lo general enrolladas en espiral, apiculadas, con el mucrón densamente aculeolado. Estilo con 2 estigmas. Aquenios 1,2–1,9(2,1) × 1,1–1,8(2) mm, de contorno obovado u orbicular, biconvexos, lisos, amarillentos cuando jóvenes, de color pardo oscuro o grisáceo en la madurez, ± brillantes; cerdas perianticas 4, iguales o algo mayores que el aquenio, persistentes, apiculadas, marrones o rojizas, en posición adaxial, rojizas, algo translúcidas. 2n = 78; n = 107?, 39, 42*.** [details]

Description Rhizomes short; stolons long creeping, slender. Culms erect, 50-120 cm tall, 3-10 mm thick, 3-angled to obtusely 3-angled...  
Description Rhizomes short; stolons long creeping, slender. Culms erect, 50-120 cm tall, 3-10 mm thick, 3-angled to obtusely 3-angled just below inflorescence, glaucous. Leaves reduced to a bladeless or a shortly laminate sheath. Involucral bract 1, simulating a continuation of culm, 2-5(-10) cm, erect, rigid. Inflorescence a pseudolateral simple or compound anthela, 4-6 cm, with few to many spikelets; rays slender, smooth. Spikelets solitary, reddish brown, ovoid to oblong-ovoid, 6-12 × 1.5-3 mm, terete, densely many flowered, apex ± acute. Glumes broadly elliptic, 3.5-4 × ca. 2 mm, membranous, margin broadly white hyaline and apically minutely ciliolate, apex obtuse to ± notched and with a prominent green vein excurrent into a short mucro. Perianth bristles (3 or)4(or 5), rust-colored, ligulate-spatulate, ± as long as nutlet, antrorsely scabrous, apically plumosely fringed. Stamens (2 or)3; anthers 1.5-2 mm; connective apex with a fimbriate appendage. Stigmas 3. Nutlet dark reddish brown to blackish, broadly obovoid, ca. 2 × 1.3 mm, biconvex, smooth. Fl. and fr. Jul-Sep. 2n = 42, 78, 80, 84. [details]

Taxonomic remark Source in seed data: wcs Updated namepublishedIn from Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 10: 299 1888 to Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 10(4): 299. 1888...  
Taxonomic remark Source in seed data: wcs Updated namepublishedIn from Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 10: 299 1888 to Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 10(4): 299. 1888 [4 Dec 1888] , information provided by Alan E. on email Oct. 12 2020 More details could be found in [details]
Cyperaceae Working Group. (2025). [see How to cite]. Global Cyperaceae Database. Schoenoplectus litoralis (Schrad.) Palla. Accessed at: https://cyperaceae.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1681393 on 2026-01-05
Date
action
by
2023-09-06 07:35:01Z
created
Larridon, Isabel
2024-12-10 11:47:54Z
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Nomenclature

original description (of Scirpus litoralis Schrad.) Schrader, H. A. (1806). Flora Germanica. 1., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/6083888#page/10/mode/1up
page(s): 142 [details] 

basis of record Plants of the World Online (POWO). , available online at https://powo.science.kew.org/ [details] 

new combination reference Palla, E. (1888). Ueber die Gattung Scirpus. Verhandlungen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 38, Sitzungsberichte: 49.
page(s): 49 [details] 

Taxonomy

taxonomy source Luceño, M., Castroviejo, S., Jiménez-Mejías, P. (2008). Cyperaceae. In: Castroviejo, Luceño, M., Galán, A., Jiménez-Mejías, P., Cabezas, F., Medina, L. (eds). Flora iberica. Plantas vasculares de la Península Ibérica e Islas Baleares. Vol. XVIII. Madrid: CSIC., available online at https://bibdigital.rjb.csic.es/records/item/12958-flora-iberica-vol-18-cyperaceae-pontederiaceae?offset=, http://www.floraiberica.es/PHP/familias_lista_.php?familia=Cyperaceae [details] 

Other

additional source Li, B. Z.; Zhang, S. R. (2024). An updated species checklist and taxonomic synopsis of Cyperaceae in China. <em>Biodiversity Science.</em> 32(7): 24106., available online at https://doi.org/10.17520/biods.2024106 [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

 
 Present  Inaccurate  Introduced: alien  Containing type locality 
   

From editor or global species database
Description Rizoma de entrenudos ± largos, hasta de 15 mm de diámetro. Tallos (32)80–250 cm × 2–9(13) mm, de trígonos a cilíndricos, verdes. Hojas frecuentemente reducidas a vainas herbáceas o algo escariosas, que cuando se deshacen forman una estructura pinnada, a veces teñidas de color púrpura oscuro; en ocasiones desarrolla láminas hasta de 100 × 1 cm, débiles, flexibles y planas, que permanecen bajo el agua; lígula redondeada, claramente apreciable cuando la lámina está bien desarrollada. Inflorescencia (2,5)5,5–7,5(12,5) cm, en antela, ramificada 1–3 veces, con (14)26–70(100) espiguillas en grupos de 1–4(8); ejes de la inflorescencia comprimidos o poco acanalados, con algunos dientes obliquos o truncados; bráctea inferior (35)53–180(240) × 3–4(5) mm, por lo general algo menor que la inflorescencia, erecta, a veces algo oblicua, trígona a cilíndrica hacia el ápice; espiguillas (5)8–16(23) mm, de contorno ovado a ovado-lanceolado, con (12)16–56(90) flores. Glumas (2,1)2,5–3,5(4) × (1,5)1,6–2,4(3,3) mm, ovadas, de ápice emarginado y mucronado, con la escotadura de 0,1–0,3 mm, ápice de los dientes redondeado y mucrón de 0,1–0,6 mm, recto a veces antrorso-escábrido; lisas, con los bordes glabros o algo ciliados; de color pardo-rojizo al menos en su mitad superior, escariosas hacia la base, aunque en raras ocasiones completamente hialinas, en general con una banda central más clara y márgenes escariosos. Anteras 1,2–2,2 mm, amarillas o anaranjadas, por lo general enrolladas en espiral, apiculadas, con el mucrón densamente aculeolado. Estilo con 2 estigmas. Aquenios 1,2–1,9(2,1) × 1,1–1,8(2) mm, de contorno obovado u orbicular, biconvexos, lisos, amarillentos cuando jóvenes, de color pardo oscuro o grisáceo en la madurez, ± brillantes; cerdas perianticas 4, iguales o algo mayores que el aquenio, persistentes, apiculadas, marrones o rojizas, en posición adaxial, rojizas, algo translúcidas. 2n = 78; n = 107?, 39, 42*.** [details]

Description Rhizomes short; stolons long creeping, slender. Culms erect, 50-120 cm tall, 3-10 mm thick, 3-angled to obtusely 3-angled just below inflorescence, glaucous. Leaves reduced to a bladeless or a shortly laminate sheath. Involucral bract 1, simulating a continuation of culm, 2-5(-10) cm, erect, rigid. Inflorescence a pseudolateral simple or compound anthela, 4-6 cm, with few to many spikelets; rays slender, smooth. Spikelets solitary, reddish brown, ovoid to oblong-ovoid, 6-12 × 1.5-3 mm, terete, densely many flowered, apex ± acute. Glumes broadly elliptic, 3.5-4 × ca. 2 mm, membranous, margin broadly white hyaline and apically minutely ciliolate, apex obtuse to ± notched and with a prominent green vein excurrent into a short mucro. Perianth bristles (3 or)4(or 5), rust-colored, ligulate-spatulate, ± as long as nutlet, antrorsely scabrous, apically plumosely fringed. Stamens (2 or)3; anthers 1.5-2 mm; connective apex with a fimbriate appendage. Stigmas 3. Nutlet dark reddish brown to blackish, broadly obovoid, ca. 2 × 1.3 mm, biconvex, smooth. Fl. and fr. Jul-Sep. 2n = 42, 78, 80, 84. [details]

Taxonomic remark Source in seed data: wcs Updated namepublishedIn from Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 10: 299 1888 to Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 10(4): 299. 1888 [4 Dec 1888] , information provided by Alan E. on email Oct. 12 2020 More details could be found in [details]

Translation Rhizome with ± long internodes, up to 15 mm in diameter. Culms (32)80–250 cm × 2–9(13) mm, triangular to cylindrical, green. Leaves often reduced to herbaceous or slightly scarious sheaths, which when disintegrating form a pinnate-looking structure, sometimes dark purple-tinged; occasionally leaf blades develop up to 100 × 1 cm, weak, flexible and flat, remaining submerged; ligule rounded, clearly visible when the blade is well developed. Inflorescence (2.5)5.5–7.5(12.5) cm, in an anthela, branched 1–3 times, with (14)26–70(100) spikelets in groups of 1–4(8); inflorescence axes compressed or slightly grooved, with some oblique or truncate teeth; lower bract (35)53–180(240) × 3–4(5) mm, usually slightly shorter than the inflorescence, erect, sometimes somewhat oblique, trigonous to cylindrical toward the apex; spikelets (5)8–16(23) mm, ovate to ovate-lanceolate in outline, with (12)16–56(90) flowers. Glumes (2.1)2.5–3.5(4) × (1.5)1.6–2.4(3.3) mm, ovate, apex emarginate and mucronate, with a notch of 0.1–0.3 mm, teeth apex rounded and mucro 0.1–0.6 mm long, straight or sometimes antrorsely scabrid; smooth, margins glabrous or slightly ciliate; reddish-brown at least on the upper half, scarious toward the base, though rarely entirely hyaline, generally with a paler central band and scarious margins. Anthers 1.2–2.2 mm, yellow or orange, usually spirally coiled, apiculate, with the mucro densely aculeolate. Style with 2 stigmas. Achenes 1.2–1.9(2.1) × 1.1–1.8(2) mm, obovoid or orbicular in outline, biconvex, smooth, yellowish when young, dark brown or grayish at maturity, ± glossy; perianth bristles 4, equal to or slightly longer than the achene, persistent, apiculate, brown or reddish, adaxially positioned, reddish and somewhat translucent. 2n = 78; n = 107?, 39, 42*.** [details]
    Definitions

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To Biodiversity Heritage Library (11 publications) (from synonym Heleogiton litorale (Schrad.) Rchb.)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (17 publications) (from synonym Malacochaete litoralis (Schrad.) Nees)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (32 publications) 
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (87 publications) (from synonym Scirpus litoralis Schrad.)
To European Nucleotide Archive, ENA (Schoenoplectus litoralis) 
To GenBank (44 nucleotides; 2 proteins) 
To International Plant Names Index (IPNI) 
To International Plant Names Index (IPNI) (from synonym Heleogiton litorale (Schrad.) Rchb.)
To International Plant Names Index (IPNI) (from synonym Scirpus litoralis Schrad.)
To International Plant Names Index (IPNI) (from synonym Scirpus triqueter subsp. littoralis (Schrad.) Bonnier & Layens)
To International Plant Names Index (IPNI) (from synonym Pterolepis litoralis (Schrad.) M.R.Almeida)
To International Plant Names Index (IPNI) (from synonym Malacochaete litoralis (Schrad.) Nees)
To International Plant Names Index (IPNI) (from synonym Eleogiton litoralis (Schrad.) Fourr.)
To IUCN Red List (Least Concern) 
To Plants of the World Online (from synonym Scirpus litoralis Schrad.)
To Plants of the World Online (from synonym Malacochaete litoralis (Schrad.) Nees)
To Plants of the World Online 
To Plants of the World Online (from synonym Scirpus triqueter subsp. littoralis (Schrad.) Bonnier & Layens)
To Plants of the World Online (from synonym Pterolepis litoralis (Schrad.) M.R.Almeida)
To Plants of the World Online (from synonym Heleogiton litorale (Schrad.) Rchb.)
To Plants of the World Online (from synonym Eleogiton litoralis (Schrad.) Fourr.)
To Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (Schoenoplectus litoralis K001057173 isotype 1) 
To Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (Schoenoplectus litoralis K001057174 type 1) 
To The Plant List (from synonym Scirpus litoralis subsp. philippii (Tineo) K.Richt.)
From editor or global species database
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