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Cyperaceae taxon details

Schoenoplectus pungens (Vahl) Palla

To Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (Schoenoplectus pungens K001057159 isotype 1)
To Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (Schoenoplectus pungens K001057159 isotype 1)

1681396  (urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:1681396)

  1. Biota
  2. Plantae (Kingdom)
  3. Viridiplantae (Subkingdom)
  4. Streptophyta (Infrakingdom)
  5. Tracheophyta (Phylum (Division))
  6. Spermatophytina (Subphylum (Subdivision))
  7. Magnoliopsida (Class)
  8. Lilianae (Superorder)
  9. Poales (Order)
  10. Cyperaceae (Family)
  11. Schoenoplectieae (Tribe)
  12. Schoenoplectus (Genus)
  13. Schoenoplectus pungens (Species)
accepted
Species

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terrestrial
(of Scirpus pungens Vahl) Vahl, M. (1805). Enumeratio plantarum, vel ab alium vel ab ipso observatum, cum earum differentiis specificis, synonymis selectis et descriptionibus succinctis. vol. II, pp. 1-423., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/7352986#page/9/mode/1up
page(s): 255 [details] OpenAccess publication
Description Rhizomes creeping. Stems up to 60 cm × 2–5 mm, triquetrous, smooth, green, with base thickened by leaf-sheaths. Leaves...  
Description Rhizomes creeping. Stems up to 60 cm × 2–5 mm, triquetrous, smooth, green, with base thickened by leaf-sheaths. Leaves mostly reduced to bladeless sheaths; blade 3–20 cm × 0.8–1.5 mm, sometimes present on upper 2–3 sheaths; ligule present, membranous, brown. Inflorescence pseudolateral, capitate, with 1–6, tightly clustered, sessile spikelets; involucral bracts 2, linear-subulate, the lower up to 13 cm long, much longer than inflorescence, erect. Spikelets 8–11 × 4–6 mm, ovoid, subacute, mid brown to dark reddish-brown. Glumes 3.5–4 × 2.5–3 mm, spirally arranged, broadly ovate, reddish-brown, ± emarginate, mucronate, with acute lobes on either side of mucro; sides membranous and margins hyaline, sometimes fringed. Flowers bisexual; perianth bristles 0–6, less than half as long as nut; stamens 2, with anthers 2.5–3 mm long; stigmas 2. Nuts 2–2.5 × 1–1.5 mm, obovoid, compressed, greyish-brown, shiny, smooth. [details]

Description Rizoma de entrenudos largos, hasta de 4 mm de diámetro. Tallos (9)21-80(150) cm × (1,2)2,5-3,1(5) mm, agudamente...  
Description Rizoma de entrenudos largos, hasta de 4 mm de diámetro. Tallos (9)21-80(150) cm × (1,2)2,5-3,1(5) mm, agudamente trígonos, con las caras de cóncavas a planas, a veces algo escábridos hacia el ápice, verdes. Hojas inferiores reducidas a vainas, las 1-4 superiores con lámina (70)90-170(280) × (0,7)2-5(5,5) mm, generalmente de mayor longitud que su vaina, muy raramente menor que ella, ± rígidas, de sección “v”, hacia el ápice trígonas y a veces algo escábridas; lígula hasta 3 mm, obtusa, redondeada o truncada, a veces bífida con los dientes obtusos. Inflorescencia formada por un fascículo de 1-4(6) espiguillas sésiles; bráctea inferior (26)40-130(170) × (0,9)1-3(4) mm, erecta, raramente algo oblicua, de sección en “v”, trígona hacia el ápice; espiguillas (6)8-13(15) mm, algo oblongas u ovado-lanceoladas, con (12)16-24(26) flores. Glumas (3,5)4-5 × (2)2,2-2,8(3) mm, ovadas o elípticas, de ápice emarginado y mucronado, con la escotadura de (0,4)0,6-1,2(1,4) mm, lisa, oblonga, con nervio destacado y mucrón recto o algo sinuoso de (0,2)0,4-0,5 mm, lisa o laxamente antroso-escábrido; superficie de las glumas lisa; bordes ciliados; de color pardo-rojizo oscuro o pardo-anaranjado; a veces con margen escarioso. Anteras 0,9-1,2 mm, amarillas o anaranjadas, apiculadas, con mucrón de (0,3)0,4-0,5 mm, densamente escábrido, de color pardo-rojizo, al igual que el conectivo. Estilo con 2 estigmas. Aquenios (1,8)2-2,7 × (1,3)1,5-2,1(2,3) mm, de contorno obovado, suborbicular u obpiriforme, obtusamente trígonos o plano-convexos, lisos, amarillentos cuando jóvenes, grisáceos en estado maduro, mates o poco brillantes; cerdas periánticas 0-2(3), rudimentarias o que alcanzan hasta la mitad del aquenio, raramente alguna lo iguala, filiformes. 2n = 74, 78*.* [details]

Description Rhizomes often vertical, 1–6 mm diam., firm to hard; scales shorter to longer than internodes, disintegrating to fibers....  
Description Rhizomes often vertical, 1–6 mm diam., firm to hard; scales shorter to longer than internodes, disintegrating to fibers. Culms sharply trigonous, sides convex to concave proximally, deeply concave to flat distally, 0.1–2 m × 1–6 mm, smooth. Leaves basal; sheath fronts membranous distally, orifice adaxially truncate to concave, often splitting; ligules 2-fid, 1 mm; blades 2–6, proximally V-shaped, distally trigonous to asymmetrically laterally flattened in cross section, angles often scabridulous distally; distal blade (1–)2–5 times as long as sheath, 50–750 × 2–9 mm. Inflorescences capitate; proximal bract usually erect, resembling leaf blade but trigonous proximally, (1–)3–20 cm. Spikelets 1–5(–10), 5–23 × 3–5(–7) mm; scales bright (to very dark) orange-, red-brown, or purplish brown to straw-colored, often prominently lineolate-spotted, midrib mostly paler, ovate, 3.5–6 × 2–3 mm, smooth or awn sparsely spinulose, margins deciduously ciliolate, flanks ribless except sometimes proximal scales, midrib prominent, apex acute (to obtuse), 2-fid, notch (0.3–)0.5–1 mm deep, awn mostly irregularly bent, 0.5–1.5(–2.5) mm. Flowers: perianth members 4–8, sometimes fewer, brown, bristlelike, variably slender to stout, equal or unequal, all equaling achene body to all rudimentary, retrorsely spinulose; anthers 2–3 mm; styles 2–3-fid. Achenes brown, biconvex to compressed bluntly trigonous, obovoid to obpyriform, (2–)2.5–3.5 × 1.3–2.3 mm; beak 0.1–0.5 mm. 2n = 74, 78. [details]

Taxonomic remark Source in seed data: wcs Update namepublishedIn from Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 10: 299 1888 to Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 10: 299 (1888),...  
Taxonomic remark Source in seed data: wcs Update namepublishedIn from Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 10: 299 1888 to Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 10: 299 (1888), information provided by Alan E. on email Jun. 07 2021 More details could be found in [details]
Cyperaceae Working Group. (2025). [see How to cite]. Global Cyperaceae Database. Schoenoplectus pungens (Vahl) Palla. Accessed at: https://cyperaceae.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1681396 on 2026-04-08
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2023-09-06 07:35:01Z
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Larridon, Isabel
2024-12-10 11:47:54Z
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Nomenclature

original description (of Scirpus pungens Vahl) Vahl, M. (1805). Enumeratio plantarum, vel ab alium vel ab ipso observatum, cum earum differentiis specificis, synonymis selectis et descriptionibus succinctis. vol. II, pp. 1-423., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/7352986#page/9/mode/1up
page(s): 255 [details] OpenAccess publication

basis of record Plants of the World Online (POWO). , available online at https://powo.science.kew.org/ [details] 

new combination reference Palla, E. (1889). Zur Kenntnis der Gattung Scirpus. Botanische Jahrbücher fur Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie, 10: 293-301.
page(s): 299 [details] 

Taxonomy

taxonomy source Jermy, A.C.; Simpson, D.A.; Foley, M.J.Y.; Porter, M.S. (2007). Sedges of the British Isles. 554 pp. Botanical Society of Britain & Ireland, United Kingdom. [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

taxonomy source Luceño, M., Castroviejo, S., Jiménez-Mejías, P. (2008). Cyperaceae. In: Castroviejo, Luceño, M., Galán, A., Jiménez-Mejías, P., Cabezas, F., Medina, L. (eds). Flora iberica. Plantas vasculares de la Península Ibérica e Islas Baleares. Vol. XVIII. Madrid: CSIC., available online at https://bibdigital.rjb.csic.es/records/item/12958-flora-iberica-vol-18-cyperaceae-pontederiaceae?offset=, http://www.floraiberica.es/PHP/familias_lista_.php?familia=Cyperaceae [details] 

 
 Present  Inaccurate  Introduced: alien  Containing type locality 
   

From editor or global species database
Description Rhizomes creeping. Stems up to 60 cm × 2–5 mm, triquetrous, smooth, green, with base thickened by leaf-sheaths. Leaves mostly reduced to bladeless sheaths; blade 3–20 cm × 0.8–1.5 mm, sometimes present on upper 2–3 sheaths; ligule present, membranous, brown. Inflorescence pseudolateral, capitate, with 1–6, tightly clustered, sessile spikelets; involucral bracts 2, linear-subulate, the lower up to 13 cm long, much longer than inflorescence, erect. Spikelets 8–11 × 4–6 mm, ovoid, subacute, mid brown to dark reddish-brown. Glumes 3.5–4 × 2.5–3 mm, spirally arranged, broadly ovate, reddish-brown, ± emarginate, mucronate, with acute lobes on either side of mucro; sides membranous and margins hyaline, sometimes fringed. Flowers bisexual; perianth bristles 0–6, less than half as long as nut; stamens 2, with anthers 2.5–3 mm long; stigmas 2. Nuts 2–2.5 × 1–1.5 mm, obovoid, compressed, greyish-brown, shiny, smooth. [details]

Description Rizoma de entrenudos largos, hasta de 4 mm de diámetro. Tallos (9)21-80(150) cm × (1,2)2,5-3,1(5) mm, agudamente trígonos, con las caras de cóncavas a planas, a veces algo escábridos hacia el ápice, verdes. Hojas inferiores reducidas a vainas, las 1-4 superiores con lámina (70)90-170(280) × (0,7)2-5(5,5) mm, generalmente de mayor longitud que su vaina, muy raramente menor que ella, ± rígidas, de sección “v”, hacia el ápice trígonas y a veces algo escábridas; lígula hasta 3 mm, obtusa, redondeada o truncada, a veces bífida con los dientes obtusos. Inflorescencia formada por un fascículo de 1-4(6) espiguillas sésiles; bráctea inferior (26)40-130(170) × (0,9)1-3(4) mm, erecta, raramente algo oblicua, de sección en “v”, trígona hacia el ápice; espiguillas (6)8-13(15) mm, algo oblongas u ovado-lanceoladas, con (12)16-24(26) flores. Glumas (3,5)4-5 × (2)2,2-2,8(3) mm, ovadas o elípticas, de ápice emarginado y mucronado, con la escotadura de (0,4)0,6-1,2(1,4) mm, lisa, oblonga, con nervio destacado y mucrón recto o algo sinuoso de (0,2)0,4-0,5 mm, lisa o laxamente antroso-escábrido; superficie de las glumas lisa; bordes ciliados; de color pardo-rojizo oscuro o pardo-anaranjado; a veces con margen escarioso. Anteras 0,9-1,2 mm, amarillas o anaranjadas, apiculadas, con mucrón de (0,3)0,4-0,5 mm, densamente escábrido, de color pardo-rojizo, al igual que el conectivo. Estilo con 2 estigmas. Aquenios (1,8)2-2,7 × (1,3)1,5-2,1(2,3) mm, de contorno obovado, suborbicular u obpiriforme, obtusamente trígonos o plano-convexos, lisos, amarillentos cuando jóvenes, grisáceos en estado maduro, mates o poco brillantes; cerdas periánticas 0-2(3), rudimentarias o que alcanzan hasta la mitad del aquenio, raramente alguna lo iguala, filiformes. 2n = 74, 78*.* [details]

Description Rhizomes often vertical, 1–6 mm diam., firm to hard; scales shorter to longer than internodes, disintegrating to fibers. Culms sharply trigonous, sides convex to concave proximally, deeply concave to flat distally, 0.1–2 m × 1–6 mm, smooth. Leaves basal; sheath fronts membranous distally, orifice adaxially truncate to concave, often splitting; ligules 2-fid, 1 mm; blades 2–6, proximally V-shaped, distally trigonous to asymmetrically laterally flattened in cross section, angles often scabridulous distally; distal blade (1–)2–5 times as long as sheath, 50–750 × 2–9 mm. Inflorescences capitate; proximal bract usually erect, resembling leaf blade but trigonous proximally, (1–)3–20 cm. Spikelets 1–5(–10), 5–23 × 3–5(–7) mm; scales bright (to very dark) orange-, red-brown, or purplish brown to straw-colored, often prominently lineolate-spotted, midrib mostly paler, ovate, 3.5–6 × 2–3 mm, smooth or awn sparsely spinulose, margins deciduously ciliolate, flanks ribless except sometimes proximal scales, midrib prominent, apex acute (to obtuse), 2-fid, notch (0.3–)0.5–1 mm deep, awn mostly irregularly bent, 0.5–1.5(–2.5) mm. Flowers: perianth members 4–8, sometimes fewer, brown, bristlelike, variably slender to stout, equal or unequal, all equaling achene body to all rudimentary, retrorsely spinulose; anthers 2–3 mm; styles 2–3-fid. Achenes brown, biconvex to compressed bluntly trigonous, obovoid to obpyriform, (2–)2.5–3.5 × 1.3–2.3 mm; beak 0.1–0.5 mm. 2n = 74, 78. [details]

Taxonomic remark Source in seed data: wcs Update namepublishedIn from Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 10: 299 1888 to Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 10: 299 (1888), information provided by Alan E. on email Jun. 07 2021 More details could be found in [details]

Translation Rhizome with long internodes, up to 4 mm in diameter. Stems (9)21–80(150) cm × (1.2)2.5–3.1(5) mm, sharply trigonous, with faces from concave to flat, sometimes slightly scabrid toward the apex, green. Lower leaves reduced to sheaths; the upper 1–4 with blades (70)90–170(280) × (0.7)2–5(5.5) mm, generally longer than their sheath, very rarely shorter, ± rigid, V-shaped in cross-section, becoming trigonous toward the apex and sometimes slightly scabrid; ligule up to 3 mm, obtuse, rounded or truncate, sometimes bifid with obtuse teeth. Inflorescence formed by a fascicle of 1–4(6) sessile spikelets; lower bract (26)40–130(170) × (0.9)1–3(4) mm, erect, rarely slightly oblique, V-shaped in section, trigonous toward the apex; spikelets (6)8–13(15) mm, somewhat oblong or ovate-lanceolate, with (12)16–24(26) flowers. Glumes (3.5)4–5 × (2)2.2–2.8(3) mm, ovate to elliptic, apex emarginate and mucronate, with a notch (0.4)0.6–1.2(1.4) mm long, smooth, oblong, with a prominent nerve and a straight or slightly sinuous mucro (0.2)0.4–0.5 mm, smooth or loosely antrorsely scabrid; glume surface smooth; margins ciliate; dark reddish-brown or brown-orange, sometimes with a scarious margin. Anthers 0.9–1.2 mm, yellow or orange, apiculate, with a densely scabrid mucro (0.3)0.4–0.5 mm, reddish-brown, as is the connective. Style with 2 stigmas. Achenes (1.8)2–2.7 × (1.3)1.5–2.1(2.3) mm, obovate, suborbicular or obpyriform in outline, obtusely trigonous or plano-convex, smooth, yellowish when young, greyish at maturity, dull or slightly shiny; perianth bristles 0–2(3), rudimentary or reaching up to half the achene length, rarely equalling it, filiform. 2n = 74, 78*.* [details]
    Definitions

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To Biodiversity Heritage Library (1 publication) (from synonym Scirpus pungens var. pungens Vahl)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (25 publications) (from synonym Heleogiton pungens (Vahl) Rchb.)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (28 publications) (from synonym Cyperus pungens (Vahl) Missbach & E.H.L.Krause)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (4 publications) (from synonym Scirpus longispicatus Smyth)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (507 publications) (from synonym Scirpus pungens Vahl)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (78 publications) 
To European Nucleotide Archive, ENA (Schoenoplectus pungens) 
To GenBank (12 nucleotides; 7 proteins) 
To International Plant Names Index (IPNI) 
To International Plant Names Index (IPNI) (from synonym Scirpus longispicatus Smyth)
To International Plant Names Index (IPNI) (from synonym Cyperus pungens (Vahl) Missbach & E.H.L.Krause)
To International Plant Names Index (IPNI) (from synonym Heleogiton pungens (Vahl) Rchb.)
To International Plant Names Index (IPNI) (from synonym Scirpus pungens Vahl)
To International Plant Names Index (IPNI) (from synonym Scirpus americanus var. pungens (Vahl) Barros & Osten)
To Plants of the World Online (from synonym Scirpus americanus var. pungens (Vahl) Barros & Osten)
To Plants of the World Online (from synonym Cyperus pungens (Vahl) Missbach & E.H.L.Krause)
To Plants of the World Online (from synonym Heleogiton pungens (Vahl) Rchb.)
To Plants of the World Online (from synonym Scirpus pungens Vahl)
To Plants of the World Online 
To Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (Schoenoplectus pungens K001057159 isotype 1) 
To Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (Schoenoplectus pungens K001057168 type 1) 
To Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (Schoenoplectus pungens K001057170 type 1) 
To Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (Schoenoplectus pungens K001057171 type 1) 
To The Plant List (from synonym Scirpus longispicatus Smyth)
To The Plant List (from synonym Scirpus pungens var. pungens Vahl)
From editor or global species database
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