svg-backdrop

Cyperaceae taxon details

Bolboschoenus maritimus (L.) Palla

416203  (urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:416203)

accepted
Species

Ordering

  • Alphabetically
  • By status

Children Display

  1. Subspecies Bolboschoenus maritimus subsp. affinis (Roth) T.Koyama
  2. Subspecies Bolboschoenus maritimus subsp. maritimus (L.) Palla
  3. Subspecies Bolboschoenus maritimus subsp. paludosus (A.Nelson) T.Koyama
  4. Forma Bolboschoenus maritimus f. cymosus (Rchb.) T.Koyama accepted as Bolboschoenus laticarpus Marhold, Hroudová, Duchácek & Zákr.
  5. Forma Bolboschoenus maritimus f. longifolius (Peterm.) Soó accepted as Bolboschoenus maritimus subsp. maritimus (L.) Palla
  6. Forma Bolboschoenus maritimus f. sarmaticus (Zapał.) Soó accepted as Bolboschoenus maritimus subsp. maritimus (L.) Palla
  7. Forma Bolboschoenus maritimus f. subumbellatus (Schur) Soó accepted as Bolboschoenus maritimus subsp. maritimus (L.) Palla
  8. Forma Bolboschoenus maritimus f. zapalowiczii Soó accepted as Bolboschoenus maritimus subsp. maritimus (L.) Palla
  9. Subspecies Bolboschoenus maritimus subsp. compactus (Hoffm.) Hejný accepted as Bolboschoenus maritimus subsp. maritimus (L.) Palla
  10. Subspecies Bolboschoenus maritimus subsp. cymosus (Rchb.) Soják accepted as Bolboschoenus laticarpus Marhold, Hroudová, Duchácek & Zákr.
  11. Subspecies Bolboschoenus maritimus subsp. fluviatilis (Torr.) Á.Löve & D.Löve accepted as Bolboschoenus fluviatilis (Torr.) Soják
  12. Subspecies Bolboschoenus maritimus subsp. macrostachys (Willd.) Soják accepted as Bolboschoenus glaucus (Lam.) S.G.Sm.
  13. Subspecies Bolboschoenus maritimus subsp. planiculmis (F.Schmidt) D.Pav. & M.Pires accepted as Bolboschoenus planiculmis (F.Schmidt) T.V.Egorova
  14. Subspecies Bolboschoenus maritimus subsp. tuberosus (Desf.) T.Koyama accepted as Bolboschoenus glaucus (Lam.) S.G.Sm.
  15. Subspecies Bolboschoenus maritimus subsp. yagara (Ohwi) Jauzein accepted as Bolboschoenus yagara (Ohwi) Y.C.Yang & M.Zhan
  16. Variety Bolboschoenus maritimus var. affinis (Roth) Parmar accepted as Bolboschoenus maritimus subsp. affinis (Roth) T.Koyama
  17. Variety Bolboschoenus maritimus var. compactus (Hoffm.) T.V.Egorova accepted as Bolboschoenus maritimus subsp. maritimus (L.) Palla
  18. Variety Bolboschoenus maritimus var. cymosus (Rchb.) Kit Tan & Oteng-Yeb. accepted as Bolboschoenus laticarpus Marhold, Hroudová, Duchácek & Zákr.
  19. Variety Bolboschoenus maritimus var. desoulavii Drobow accepted as Bolboschoenus yagara (Ohwi) Y.C.Yang & M.Zhan
  20. Variety Bolboschoenus maritimus var. macrostachys (Willd.) T.V.Egorova accepted as Bolboschoenus glaucus (Lam.) S.G.Sm.
  21. Variety Bolboschoenus maritimus var. paludosus (A.Nelson) Dorn accepted as Bolboschoenus maritimus subsp. paludosus (A.Nelson) T.Koyama
  22. Variety Bolboschoenus maritimus var. planiculmis (F.Schmidt) Jauzein accepted as Bolboschoenus planiculmis (F.Schmidt) T.V.Egorova
marine, brackish, fresh, terrestrial
recent only
(of Scirpus maritimus L.) Linnaeus, C. (1753). Species plantarum, exhibentes plantas rite cognitas ad genera relatas cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas. Vol 1. Salvius, Stockholm., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/358012
page(s): 51 [details] 
Type locality contained in Sweden  
type locality contained in Sweden [from synonym] [view taxon] [details]
Description hizomes wide-creeping, c. 2 mm wide, becoming wiry and black. Stems 10–100 cm × 3–4 mm, usually solitary, trigonous to...  
Description hizomes wide-creeping, c. 2 mm wide, becoming wiry and black. Stems 10–100 cm × 3–4 mm, usually solitary, trigonous to triquetrous, smooth; base thickened, somewhat ribbed. Leaves basal and cauline, 10–40 cm × 3–6 mm, gradually narrowed to a long-acuminate apex; sheath up to 20 cm long, pale to mid brown, with inner face truncate at apex; ligule absent. Inflorescence terminal, 2–7 × 2–6 cm, capitate or with 1–3 clusters of spikelets; involucral bracts 2–3, the lowest 10–25 cm long, patent to reflexed. Spikelets 10–40 × 5–7.5 mm, ovoid to ellipsoid, terete, pale to dark brown, ± sessile or in shortly pedunculate clusters of 2–10, rarely solitary; peduncles 0.5–5 cm long. Glumes 5–7 × 2.5–3.2 mm, spirally arranged, ovate to elliptic, acute, membranous, pale to dark brown, often lacerate at apex, glabrous to sparsely pubescent; awn up to 1.7 mm long, somewhat recurved. Flowers bisexual; perianth bristles 0–6, unequal, minutely retrorsely scabrid, usually not persistent in fruit; stamens 3; anthers 3–5 mm long, with connective tip scabrid; stigmas (2–)3. Nuts 2.2–4 × 1.5–2.4 mm, broadly obovoid, trigonous below, plano-convex above, rarely biconvex, shiny, brown, smooth; apex rounded. [details]

Description Rizomas hasta de 5 mm de diámetro. Tallos 10–115 cm, de 1–7,5(11) mm de diámetro, gradualmente trígonos,...  
Description Rizomas hasta de 5 mm de diámetro. Tallos 10–115 cm, de 1–7,5(11) mm de diámetro, gradualmente trígonos, generalmente escábridos hacia el ápice, verdes o algo glaucos, con un cormo de 5–20(27) mm de diámetro. Hojas 2,7–(5,9)5 mm de anchura, planas, aquilladas o plegadas, generalmente antrorso-escábridas en los bordes y en el nervio medio por el envés; ápice de la cara ventral de la vaina con un área triangular libre de nervios, de textura escariosa o herbácea, teñida de oscuro, muy raramente los nervios no divergen y esta área no existe; vainas basales afilas que raramente se conservan. Inflorescencia formada por un fascículo de 1–10 espiguillas sésiles, o en antesis última fase casi sésiles o casi; en este último caso, la inflorescencia está compuesta por 7–15(30) espiguillas, de las cuales 1–6(15) están dispuestas en 1–3(4) fascículos pedunculados, sobre radios de 10–35(47) mm, cada uno de los cuales porta 1–4 espiguillas; brácteas 1–2(3), planas o aquilladas, la inferior de 40–240(330) × 1–4(5,5) mm, erecta a patente; espiguillas 7–40(80) × 3–8,5(10) mm, de contorno ovado a ovado-lanceolado, más raramente oblongo o linear-oblonga, con 12–46(60) flores. Glumas (4)4,5–8,5 × 2–4,4 mm, elípticas u ovadas, de ápice asimétricamente emarginado y mucronado, con escotadura antrorso-escábrida, de 0,1–0,5 mm de anchura en la base; de textura generalmente escariosa, a veces con nervios antroso-escabrosos, excepto la del nervio medio más claro. Anteras amarillas o escasas, de color pardo a pardo amarillento, más raramente pardo oscuro, con nervio medio más claro. Anteras amarillas o escasas, con nervios antroso-escabrosos, a veces teñidas de pardo-rojizo, al igual que el conectivo. Estilo con (2)3 estigmas. Aquenios 2,1–3,2(3,4) × (1)1,5–2,6 mm, de contorno obovado, con menor frecuencia suborbicular u obpiriforme, plano-convexos, más raramente obtusamente trígonos o biconvexos, a veces con la cara adaxial algo cóncava, pardos o de color pardo oscuro en estado maduro, amarillentos cuando jóvenes, lisos, brillantes; exocarpo formado por células de longitud al menos 2 veces mayor que la anchura, de grosor 2–3 veces mayor que el mesocarpo, más raramente subigual, a veces variable dentro del mismo aquenio; cerdas perigoniales 4–6, retrorso-escábridas, pardas, rojizas o amarillentas, menores o iguales que el aquenio, más raramente algo mayores, que se desprenden al caer el aquenio de la espiguilla, aunque en algunas ocasiones pueden permanecer 1–3(4). [details]

Description Rhizomes creeping, terminated by a small ovoid tuber. Culms 25-50[-150] cm tall, 3-angled, smooth. Leaf sheath fronts with...  
Description Rhizomes creeping, terminated by a small ovoid tuber. Culms 25-50[-150] cm tall, 3-angled, smooth. Leaf sheath fronts with veinless triangular to rhombic area at summit; leaf blade linear, 2-6[-12] mm wide, flat, ± stiff, apical ones longer than or as long as culm. Involucral bracts 2 or 3, leaflike, overtopping inflorescence. Inflorescences of 1-10 spikelets, capitate [rarely with short rays]. Spikelets ovoid to narrowly ovoid, 10-16 × 3.5-7 mm, many flowered. Glumes bright orangish brown to stramineous, oblong-ovate, 5-8 mm, membranous, abaxially ± pubescent, 1-veined costa excurrent into a 1-3 mm awn, apex 2-cleft. Perianth bristles 6, ca. 1/2 as long as nutlet, retrorsely scabrous, usually not persistent on nutlet. Stamens 3; anthers linear-oblong, 2-4 mm; connective apex conic, ca. 0.5 mm. Style slender; stigmas 2, ± as long as style. Nutlet dark brown, broadly obovoid, ca. 2.5 mm, biconvex [compressed 3-sided], shiny, apex rounded to truncate. Fl. and fr. Jun-Sep. 2n = 64, 104, 112. [details]

Taxonomic remark Source in seed data: wcs Update namepublishedIn from Syn. Deut. Schweiz. Fl. ed. 3: 2532 1905 to Syn. Deut. Schweiz. Fl. ,...  
Taxonomic remark Source in seed data: wcs Update namepublishedIn from Syn. Deut. Schweiz. Fl. ed. 3: 2532 1905 to Syn. Deut. Schweiz. Fl. , ed. 3: 2532 (1905), information provided by Alan E. on email Jun. 07 2021 More details could be found in [details]
Cyperaceae Working Group. (2025). [see How to cite]. Global Cyperaceae Database. Bolboschoenus maritimus (L.) Palla. Accessed at: https://www.cyperaceae.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=416203 on 2026-01-13
Date
action
by
2009-09-24 08:06:47Z
created
2023-09-05 06:47:53Z
checked
2024-10-22 17:49:44Z
changed

Creative Commons License The webpage text is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License


Nomenclature

original description (of Scirpus maritimus L.) Linnaeus, C. (1753). Species plantarum, exhibentes plantas rite cognitas ad genera relatas cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas. Vol 1. Salvius, Stockholm., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/358012
page(s): 51 [details] 

basis of record Euro+Med PlantBase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity., available online at http://ww2.bgbm.org/EuroPlusMed [details] 

basis of record Plants of the World Online (POWO). , available online at https://powo.science.kew.org/ [details] 

Taxonomy

taxonomy source Jermy, A.C.; Simpson, D.A.; Foley, M.J.Y.; Porter, M.S. (2007). Sedges of the British Isles. 554 pp. Botanical Society of Britain & Ireland, United Kingdom. [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

taxonomy source Luceño, M., Castroviejo, S., Jiménez-Mejías, P. (2008). Cyperaceae. In: Castroviejo, Luceño, M., Galán, A., Jiménez-Mejías, P., Cabezas, F., Medina, L. (eds). Flora iberica. Plantas vasculares de la Península Ibérica e Islas Baleares. Vol. XVIII. Madrid: CSIC., available online at https://bibdigital.rjb.csic.es/records/item/12958-flora-iberica-vol-18-cyperaceae-pontederiaceae?offset=, http://www.floraiberica.es/PHP/familias_lista_.php?familia=Cyperaceae [details] 

source of synonymy Koch, W. D. J.; Hallier, E.; Wohlfarth, R. (1892-1907). Synopsis der deutschen und schweizer Flora. Leipzig, O. R. Reisland., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12450530#page/1/mode/1up
page(s): 2532 [details] 

Other

additional source Li, B. Z.; Zhang, S. R. (2024). An updated species checklist and taxonomic synopsis of Cyperaceae in China. <em>Biodiversity Science.</em> 32(7): 24106., available online at https://doi.org/10.17520/biods.2024106 [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

 
 Present  Inaccurate  Introduced: alien  Containing type locality 
   

Epitype (of Scirpus maritimus L.) UPS V-155392, geounit Sweden [details]
Unknown type PRC 445808, geounit Germany [details]
Unknown type PRC 445809, geounit Kazakhstan [details]
Unknown type PRC 445810, geounit Turkey [details]
Unknown type PRC 445812, geounit Iran [details]
Unknown type PRC PRC445811, geounit Iran [details]
From editor or global species database
Description hizomes wide-creeping, c. 2 mm wide, becoming wiry and black. Stems 10–100 cm × 3–4 mm, usually solitary, trigonous to triquetrous, smooth; base thickened, somewhat ribbed. Leaves basal and cauline, 10–40 cm × 3–6 mm, gradually narrowed to a long-acuminate apex; sheath up to 20 cm long, pale to mid brown, with inner face truncate at apex; ligule absent. Inflorescence terminal, 2–7 × 2–6 cm, capitate or with 1–3 clusters of spikelets; involucral bracts 2–3, the lowest 10–25 cm long, patent to reflexed. Spikelets 10–40 × 5–7.5 mm, ovoid to ellipsoid, terete, pale to dark brown, ± sessile or in shortly pedunculate clusters of 2–10, rarely solitary; peduncles 0.5–5 cm long. Glumes 5–7 × 2.5–3.2 mm, spirally arranged, ovate to elliptic, acute, membranous, pale to dark brown, often lacerate at apex, glabrous to sparsely pubescent; awn up to 1.7 mm long, somewhat recurved. Flowers bisexual; perianth bristles 0–6, unequal, minutely retrorsely scabrid, usually not persistent in fruit; stamens 3; anthers 3–5 mm long, with connective tip scabrid; stigmas (2–)3. Nuts 2.2–4 × 1.5–2.4 mm, broadly obovoid, trigonous below, plano-convex above, rarely biconvex, shiny, brown, smooth; apex rounded. [details]

Description Rizomas hasta de 5 mm de diámetro. Tallos 10–115 cm, de 1–7,5(11) mm de diámetro, gradualmente trígonos, generalmente escábridos hacia el ápice, verdes o algo glaucos, con un cormo de 5–20(27) mm de diámetro. Hojas 2,7–(5,9)5 mm de anchura, planas, aquilladas o plegadas, generalmente antrorso-escábridas en los bordes y en el nervio medio por el envés; ápice de la cara ventral de la vaina con un área triangular libre de nervios, de textura escariosa o herbácea, teñida de oscuro, muy raramente los nervios no divergen y esta área no existe; vainas basales afilas que raramente se conservan. Inflorescencia formada por un fascículo de 1–10 espiguillas sésiles, o en antesis última fase casi sésiles o casi; en este último caso, la inflorescencia está compuesta por 7–15(30) espiguillas, de las cuales 1–6(15) están dispuestas en 1–3(4) fascículos pedunculados, sobre radios de 10–35(47) mm, cada uno de los cuales porta 1–4 espiguillas; brácteas 1–2(3), planas o aquilladas, la inferior de 40–240(330) × 1–4(5,5) mm, erecta a patente; espiguillas 7–40(80) × 3–8,5(10) mm, de contorno ovado a ovado-lanceolado, más raramente oblongo o linear-oblonga, con 12–46(60) flores. Glumas (4)4,5–8,5 × 2–4,4 mm, elípticas u ovadas, de ápice asimétricamente emarginado y mucronado, con escotadura antrorso-escábrida, de 0,1–0,5 mm de anchura en la base; de textura generalmente escariosa, a veces con nervios antroso-escabrosos, excepto la del nervio medio más claro. Anteras amarillas o escasas, de color pardo a pardo amarillento, más raramente pardo oscuro, con nervio medio más claro. Anteras amarillas o escasas, con nervios antroso-escabrosos, a veces teñidas de pardo-rojizo, al igual que el conectivo. Estilo con (2)3 estigmas. Aquenios 2,1–3,2(3,4) × (1)1,5–2,6 mm, de contorno obovado, con menor frecuencia suborbicular u obpiriforme, plano-convexos, más raramente obtusamente trígonos o biconvexos, a veces con la cara adaxial algo cóncava, pardos o de color pardo oscuro en estado maduro, amarillentos cuando jóvenes, lisos, brillantes; exocarpo formado por células de longitud al menos 2 veces mayor que la anchura, de grosor 2–3 veces mayor que el mesocarpo, más raramente subigual, a veces variable dentro del mismo aquenio; cerdas perigoniales 4–6, retrorso-escábridas, pardas, rojizas o amarillentas, menores o iguales que el aquenio, más raramente algo mayores, que se desprenden al caer el aquenio de la espiguilla, aunque en algunas ocasiones pueden permanecer 1–3(4). [details]

Description Rhizomes creeping, terminated by a small ovoid tuber. Culms 25-50[-150] cm tall, 3-angled, smooth. Leaf sheath fronts with veinless triangular to rhombic area at summit; leaf blade linear, 2-6[-12] mm wide, flat, ± stiff, apical ones longer than or as long as culm. Involucral bracts 2 or 3, leaflike, overtopping inflorescence. Inflorescences of 1-10 spikelets, capitate [rarely with short rays]. Spikelets ovoid to narrowly ovoid, 10-16 × 3.5-7 mm, many flowered. Glumes bright orangish brown to stramineous, oblong-ovate, 5-8 mm, membranous, abaxially ± pubescent, 1-veined costa excurrent into a 1-3 mm awn, apex 2-cleft. Perianth bristles 6, ca. 1/2 as long as nutlet, retrorsely scabrous, usually not persistent on nutlet. Stamens 3; anthers linear-oblong, 2-4 mm; connective apex conic, ca. 0.5 mm. Style slender; stigmas 2, ± as long as style. Nutlet dark brown, broadly obovoid, ca. 2.5 mm, biconvex [compressed 3-sided], shiny, apex rounded to truncate. Fl. and fr. Jun-Sep. 2n = 64, 104, 112. [details]

Taxonomic remark Source in seed data: wcs Update namepublishedIn from Syn. Deut. Schweiz. Fl. ed. 3: 2532 1905 to Syn. Deut. Schweiz. Fl. , ed. 3: 2532 (1905), information provided by Alan E. on email Jun. 07 2021 More details could be found in [details]

Translation Rhizomes up to 5 mm in diameter. Stems 10–115 cm, 1–7.5(11) mm in diameter, gradually trigonous, generally scabrid above the apex, green or somewhat glaucous, with a corm 5–20(27) mm in diameter. Leaves 2–7.5(9.5) mm wide, flat, keeled or folded, margins antrorsely scabrid; keel and midrib with nerves; apex of the ventral face of the sheath with a triangular area free of nerves, of scarious or herbaceous texture, tinged dark; very rarely the nerves do not diverge and this area is absent; sheaths basal to nearly halfway up the stem, inflorescence with a single spike, rarely sessile or only shortly pedunculate; occasionally 1–10 spikes, generally all sessile or almost so; in the latter case, the inflorescence is composed of 7–15(30) spikelets, of which 1–6(15) are arranged in 1–3(4) pedunculate fascicles, on radii 10–35(47) mm, each bearing 1–4 spikelets; bracts 1–2(3), flat or keeled, the lower 40–240(330) × 1–4(5.5) mm, erect to spreading; spikelets 7–40(80) × 3–8.5(10) mm, ovoid to ovoid-lanceolate, more rarely oblong to linear-oblong, with 12–46(60) flowers. Glumes (4)4.5–8.5 × 2–4.4 mm, elliptic to ovate, apex asymmetrically mucronate or mucronate, with scabrid antrorse awns, 0.3–1.7(2.1) mm; apex of the teeth acute and mucro 1–2.8(3.2) mm, antrorsely scabrid, 0.1–0.5 mm, antrorse at the base; texture generally membranous, sometimes amethystine; color brownish to dark brown, except the median nerve clear brown to yellowish-brown, more rarely dark brown; keel smooth; anthers brown; awns antrorsely scabrid, sometimes tinged reddish-brown, like the connective. Style with (2)3 stigmas. Achenes 2.1–3.2(3.4) × (1)1.5–2.6 mm, ovoid to more rarely subglobose or obpyriform, plano-convex, more rarely trigonous or biconvex, sometimes with one adaxial face concave, brown or dark brown at maturity, yellowish when young, smooth, shiny; exocarp formed by cells at least twice as long as wide, thickness 2–3 times that of the mesocarp, more rarely subequal, sometimes variable within the same achene; edges scabrid; pale brown to yellowish-brown, smaller or equal to the achene, more rarely exceeding it, which detach at the base of the spikelet, although in some cases they may remain 1–3(4). [details]
    Definitions

Loading...
LanguageName 
Dutch heenheem [from synonym]  [details]
English sea club-rushcosmopolitan bulrush [from synonym]  [details]
Norwegian Bokmål havsivaks  [details]
Norwegian Nynorsk havsivaks  [details]
Scottish Gaelic bogshifín mara [from synonym]  [details]
Swedish havssäv [from synonym]  [details]
Welsh ysbigfrwynen y morfa  [details]