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Cyperaceae taxon details

Schoenus nigricans L.

To Marie-Victorin Herbarium (Schoenus nigricans MT00264435 nontype 1)
To Marie-Victorin Herbarium (Schoenus nigricans MT00264435 nontype 1)

425951 (urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:425951)

  1. Biota
  2. Plantae (Kingdom)
  3. Viridiplantae (Subkingdom)
  4. Streptophyta (Infrakingdom)
  5. Tracheophyta (Phylum (Division))
  6. Spermatophytina (Subphylum (Subdivision))
  7. Magnoliopsida (Class)
  8. Lilianae (Superorder)
  9. Poales (Order)
  10. Cyperaceae (Family)
  11. Cyperoideae (Subfamily)
  12. Schoeneae (Tribe)
  13. Schoeninae (Subtribe)
  14. Schoenus (Genus)
  15. Schoenus nigricans (Species)
accepted
Species

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marine, brackish, fresh, terrestrial
Linnaeus, C. (1753). Species plantarum, exhibentes plantas rite cognitas ad genera relatas cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas. Vol 1. Salvius, Stockholm., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/358012
page(s): 43 [details] 
Description Rhizomes short, densely tufted; roots fleshy, dark purplish, often growing between leaf-sheaths. Stems 15–80 cm ×...  
Description Rhizomes short, densely tufted; roots fleshy, dark purplish, often growing between leaf-sheaths. Stems 15–80 cm × 0.9–1.4 mm, erect, rarely recurved or prostrate, terete to somewhat flattened above. Leaves up to 40 cm × 0.5–2 mm, basal, at least 1/2 as long as stems; blade narrowly linear, wiry, gradually tapering to an obtuse, trigonous apex, subterete to channelled, bright green to greyish-green; sheath up to 8 cm long, open, stiff, shiny dark reddish-brown to dark chocolate brown; ligule present, short, hard, often minutely ciliate. Inflorescence a single, dark brown to blackish, capitate head, comprising crowded fascicles each of up to 10 spikelets, each fascicle subtended by a glume-like bract; involucral bracts 2–3, leaf-like, with an open, dark brown to blackish sheathing base, the lowermost 2–5 times longer than inflorescence. Spikelets 10–12 × 2–4 mm, flattened, lanceoloid, acute, dark brown to blackish; rachilla thick, zigzagged, winged. Glumes 7–8, 5–7 × 2–2.5 mm, distichously arranged, the lowest two sterile, the remainder fertile, lanceolate, acute, shortly apiculate, strongly keeled, with sides membranous-leathery, dark reddish-brown to dark chocolate brown; keel minutely ciliate on upper glumes. Flowers bisexual; perianth bristles 3–4, much shorter than nut, often dropped as nut ripens; stamens 3; anthers 3.5–4 mm long, with connective tip 0.5–0.8 mm, yellow; stigmas 3. Nuts 1–1.9 × 0.8–1.2 mm, ovoid to ovoid-ellipsoid, obtusely trigonous, smooth, shiny, creamy-white to grey. [details]

Description Herbácea, perenne, de un verde oscuro; rizoma corto, cespitoso, de donde nacen los tallos formando densas macollas. Tallos...  
Description Herbácea, perenne, de un verde oscuro; rizoma corto, cespitoso, de donde nacen los tallos formando densas macollas. Tallos hasta 85 cm, erectos, rígidos. Hojas basales, densamente dispuestas, que rodean el tallo; lámina estrecha (c. 1 mm), generalmente de menor longitud que el tallo, erecta, lineal, ± canaliculada, rígida, de color verde grisáceo, con frecuencia la lámina se seca y cae; vainas de las hojas de color negruzco en la parte basal y pardo rojizo en el resto, las basales afilas, agudas, negruzcas. Inflorescencia 9–17,5 × 4–16 mm, capituliforme, formada por 2–9 espiguillas sésiles; brácteas 2, ensanchadas en la base —donde abrazan a las espiguillas— y prolongadas en un largo apéndice, de longitud generalmente mucho mayor que la de la inflorescencia; espiguillas 6–15 mm, lanceoladas u oblongo-elípticas, comprimidas, paucifloras. Glumas lanceoladas, coriáceas, de color negro pardusco, brillantes, con los márgenes hialinos y un pequeño quilla escariosa, las 2–3 inferiores agudas y estériles, las 2–3 inferiores subsésiles, las demás fértiles. Estilo con 3 estigmas. Aquenios 1,4–2,1 × 0,9–1 mm, subovoides, subtrígonos, con las caras convexas, blancos o pardoamarillentos, brillantes; sin periantio; con 3–6 cerdas perianticas de longitud mucho menor que la del aquenio, retrorso-escábridas. 2n = 54, 55*. [details]

Description Rhizomes short, oblique. Culms hollow, glabrous. Leaves: basal sheaths blackish, conspicuously wider than leaf blades;...  
Description Rhizomes short, oblique. Culms hollow, glabrous. Leaves: basal sheaths blackish, conspicuously wider than leaf blades; blades 10–40 cm × 0.8–2 mm, margins involute, smooth or scabridulous. Inflorescences loosely ovoid, 1–2 cm; bracts 1 or 2, oblique to erect, green to dark brown or black, 1–6 cm × 1–1.5 mm. Spikelets (1–)10–25, flattened, oblong-ellipsoid; rachilla wingless, ± deciduous at maturity; basal scales 2–3, sterile; floral scales 3–8, laterally veinless, medially 1-veined, oblong, apex acute, not mucronate, distally scabrellate. Flowers: perianth bristles 0–6, smooth or scabrellate; anthers linear, connective apices subulate, conspicuous; styles 0.6–1 mm; stigmas 0.5 mm. Achenes whitish, ovoid to ellipsoid, 1–1.5 × 0.9–1.2 mm, glossy, apex obtuse, smooth or barely reticulate. 2n = 54, 55. [details]

Taxonomic remark Source in seed data: wcs Update namepublishedIn from Sp. Pl. 43 1753 to Sp. Pl. : 43 (1753), information provided by Alan...  
Taxonomic remark Source in seed data: wcs Update namepublishedIn from Sp. Pl. 43 1753 to Sp. Pl. : 43 (1753), information provided by Alan E. on email Jun. 07 2021 More details could be found in The Plant Lis [details]
Cyperaceae Working Group. (2025). [see How to cite]. Global Cyperaceae Database. Schoenus nigricans L.. Accessed at: https://cyperaceae.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=425951 on 2026-09-07
Date
action
by
2009-10-25 05:15:55Z
created
Decock, Wim
2023-09-05 09:21:54Z
changed
Larridon, Isabel
2024-12-10 11:47:54Z
unchecked
db_admin
2025-10-21 08:31:45Z
checked
Marco Rosado, Nuria

Creative Commons License The webpage text is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License


Nomenclature

original description Linnaeus, C. (1753). Species plantarum, exhibentes plantas rite cognitas ad genera relatas cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas. Vol 1. Salvius, Stockholm., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/358012
page(s): 43 [details] 

basis of record Provoost, S.; Bonte, D. (Ed.) (2004). Animated dunes: a view of biodiversity at the Flemish coast [Levende duinen: een overzicht van de biodiversiteit aan de Vlaamse kust]. Mededelingen van het Instituut voor Natuurbehoud, 22. Instituut voor Natuurbehoud: Brussel, Belgium. ISBN 90-403-0205-7. 416, ill., appendices pp. (look up in IMIS) [details] 

Taxonomy

taxonomy source Jermy, A.C.; Simpson, D.A.; Foley, M.J.Y.; Porter, M.S. (2007). Sedges of the British Isles. 554 pp. Botanical Society of Britain & Ireland, United Kingdom. [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

taxonomy source Luceño, M., Castroviejo, S., Jiménez-Mejías, P. (2008). Cyperaceae. In: Castroviejo, Luceño, M., Galán, A., Jiménez-Mejías, P., Cabezas, F., Medina, L. (eds). Flora iberica. Plantas vasculares de la Península Ibérica e Islas Baleares. Vol. XVIII. Madrid: CSIC., available online at https://bibdigital.rjb.csic.es/records/item/12958-flora-iberica-vol-18-cyperaceae-pontederiaceae?offset=, http://www.floraiberica.es/PHP/familias_lista_.php?familia=Cyperaceae [details] 

Other

additional source Plants of the World Online (POWO). , available online at https://powo.science.kew.org/ [details] 

 
 Present  Inaccurate  Introduced: alien  Containing type locality 
   

From editor or global species database
Description Rhizomes short, densely tufted; roots fleshy, dark purplish, often growing between leaf-sheaths. Stems 15–80 cm × 0.9–1.4 mm, erect, rarely recurved or prostrate, terete to somewhat flattened above. Leaves up to 40 cm × 0.5–2 mm, basal, at least 1/2 as long as stems; blade narrowly linear, wiry, gradually tapering to an obtuse, trigonous apex, subterete to channelled, bright green to greyish-green; sheath up to 8 cm long, open, stiff, shiny dark reddish-brown to dark chocolate brown; ligule present, short, hard, often minutely ciliate. Inflorescence a single, dark brown to blackish, capitate head, comprising crowded fascicles each of up to 10 spikelets, each fascicle subtended by a glume-like bract; involucral bracts 2–3, leaf-like, with an open, dark brown to blackish sheathing base, the lowermost 2–5 times longer than inflorescence. Spikelets 10–12 × 2–4 mm, flattened, lanceoloid, acute, dark brown to blackish; rachilla thick, zigzagged, winged. Glumes 7–8, 5–7 × 2–2.5 mm, distichously arranged, the lowest two sterile, the remainder fertile, lanceolate, acute, shortly apiculate, strongly keeled, with sides membranous-leathery, dark reddish-brown to dark chocolate brown; keel minutely ciliate on upper glumes. Flowers bisexual; perianth bristles 3–4, much shorter than nut, often dropped as nut ripens; stamens 3; anthers 3.5–4 mm long, with connective tip 0.5–0.8 mm, yellow; stigmas 3. Nuts 1–1.9 × 0.8–1.2 mm, ovoid to ovoid-ellipsoid, obtusely trigonous, smooth, shiny, creamy-white to grey. [details]

Description Herbácea, perenne, de un verde oscuro; rizoma corto, cespitoso, de donde nacen los tallos formando densas macollas. Tallos hasta 85 cm, erectos, rígidos. Hojas basales, densamente dispuestas, que rodean el tallo; lámina estrecha (c. 1 mm), generalmente de menor longitud que el tallo, erecta, lineal, ± canaliculada, rígida, de color verde grisáceo, con frecuencia la lámina se seca y cae; vainas de las hojas de color negruzco en la parte basal y pardo rojizo en el resto, las basales afilas, agudas, negruzcas. Inflorescencia 9–17,5 × 4–16 mm, capituliforme, formada por 2–9 espiguillas sésiles; brácteas 2, ensanchadas en la base —donde abrazan a las espiguillas— y prolongadas en un largo apéndice, de longitud generalmente mucho mayor que la de la inflorescencia; espiguillas 6–15 mm, lanceoladas u oblongo-elípticas, comprimidas, paucifloras. Glumas lanceoladas, coriáceas, de color negro pardusco, brillantes, con los márgenes hialinos y un pequeño quilla escariosa, las 2–3 inferiores agudas y estériles, las 2–3 inferiores subsésiles, las demás fértiles. Estilo con 3 estigmas. Aquenios 1,4–2,1 × 0,9–1 mm, subovoides, subtrígonos, con las caras convexas, blancos o pardoamarillentos, brillantes; sin periantio; con 3–6 cerdas perianticas de longitud mucho menor que la del aquenio, retrorso-escábridas. 2n = 54, 55*. [details]

Description Rhizomes short, oblique. Culms hollow, glabrous. Leaves: basal sheaths blackish, conspicuously wider than leaf blades; blades 10–40 cm × 0.8–2 mm, margins involute, smooth or scabridulous. Inflorescences loosely ovoid, 1–2 cm; bracts 1 or 2, oblique to erect, green to dark brown or black, 1–6 cm × 1–1.5 mm. Spikelets (1–)10–25, flattened, oblong-ellipsoid; rachilla wingless, ± deciduous at maturity; basal scales 2–3, sterile; floral scales 3–8, laterally veinless, medially 1-veined, oblong, apex acute, not mucronate, distally scabrellate. Flowers: perianth bristles 0–6, smooth or scabrellate; anthers linear, connective apices subulate, conspicuous; styles 0.6–1 mm; stigmas 0.5 mm. Achenes whitish, ovoid to ellipsoid, 1–1.5 × 0.9–1.2 mm, glossy, apex obtuse, smooth or barely reticulate. 2n = 54, 55. [details]

Taxonomic remark Source in seed data: wcs Update namepublishedIn from Sp. Pl. 43 1753 to Sp. Pl. : 43 (1753), information provided by Alan E. on email Jun. 07 2021 More details could be found in The Plant Lis [details]

Translation Perennial herb, dark green; short, tuft-forming rhizome from which stems arise forming dense tussocks. Stems up to 85 cm tall, erect and rigid. Basal leaves densely arranged, surrounding the stem; blade narrow (c. 1 mm), generally shorter than the stem, erect, linear, ± channelled, rigid, greyish green in colour, often drying and falling off; leaf sheaths blackish at the base and reddish brown above, basal sheaths aphyllous, acute, blackish. Inflorescence 9–17.5 × 4–16 mm, capitate, composed of 2–9 sessile spikelets; bracts 2, broadened at the base—where they clasp the spikelets—and prolonged into a long appendage, usually much longer than the inflorescence; spikelets 6–15 mm, lanceolate to oblong-elliptic, compressed, few-flowered. Glumes lanceolate, coriaceous, dark brownish-black, glossy, with hyaline margins and a small scabrous keel; the 2–3 lower ones acute and sterile, the lower 2–3 subsessile, the remaining ones fertile. Style with 3 stigmas. Achenes 1.4–2.1 × 0.9–1 mm, subovoid, subtrigonous, with convex faces, white to yellowish brown, glossy; perianth absent; with 3–6 perianth bristles much shorter than the achene, retrorsely scabrous. 2n = 54, 55*. [details]
    Definitions

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LanguageName 
Dutch knopbies  [details]
English black bog-rush  [details]
Norwegian Bokmål svartskjene  [details]
Norwegian Nynorsk svartskjene  [details]
Scottish Gaelic sifínseimhín  [details]
Swedish knappag  [details]
Welsh corsfrwynen ddu  [details]
To Barcode of Life (13 barcodes) 
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (1 publication) (from synonym Schoenus attenuatus Gand.)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (12 publications) (from synonym Schoenus aggregatus Thunb.)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (226 publications) (from synonym Schoenus compressus C.Presl)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (3 publications) (from synonym Schoenus hypomelas Spreng.)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (3 publications) (from synonym Elynanthus spathaceus Nees)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (4 publications) (from synonym Chaetospora oligostachya Boeckeler)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (52 publications) (from synonym Cyperus niger Salisb.)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (61 publications) (from synonym Chaetospora nigricans (L.) Kunth)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (864 publications) 
To European Nucleotide Archive, ENA (Cyperus niger) (from synonym Cyperus niger Salisb.)
To European Nucleotide Archive, ENA (Schoenus nigricans) 
To International Plant Names Index (IPNI) 
To International Plant Names Index (IPNI) (from synonym Blysmus bonanni (C.Presl) Steud.)
To International Plant Names Index (IPNI) (from synonym Chaetospora nigricans (L.) Kunth)
To International Plant Names Index (IPNI) (from synonym Chaetospora oligostachya Boeckeler)
To International Plant Names Index (IPNI) (from synonym Elynanthus spathaceus Nees)
To International Plant Names Index (IPNI) (from synonym Schoenus aggregatus Thunb.)
To International Plant Names Index (IPNI) (from synonym Schoenus bonanni C.Presl)
To International Plant Names Index (IPNI) (from synonym Schoenus attenuatus Gand.)
To International Plant Names Index (IPNI) (from synonym Schoenus compressus C.Presl)
To International Plant Names Index (IPNI) (from synonym Schoenus hypomelas Spreng.)
To International Plant Names Index (IPNI) (from synonym Tetraria capitata Kük.)
To International Plant Names Index (IPNI) (from synonym Scirpus compressus subsp. bonannii (C.Presl) K.Richt.)
To International Plant Names Index (IPNI) (from synonym Schoenus longus Gand.)
To International Plant Names Index (IPNI) (from synonym Schoenus megalocephalus Gand.)
To International Plant Names Index (IPNI) (from synonym Schoenus subcontortus Gand.)
To International Plant Names Index (IPNI) (from synonym Schoenus vendeanus Gand.)
To International Plant Names Index (IPNI) (from synonym Schoenus nigricans var. ambiguus Kük.)
To International Plant Names Index (IPNI) (from synonym Schoenus nigricans var. plurisquamatus Kük.)
To IUCN Red List (Least Concern) 
To Marie-Victorin Herbarium (Schoenus nigricans MT00264435 nontype 1) 
To NHMUK collection (Schoenus nigricans L.; Original material; NHMUK:ecatalogue:4695142) 
To Plants of the World Online 
To Plants of the World Online (from synonym Blysmus bonanni (C.Presl) Steud.)
To Plants of the World Online (from synonym Elynanthus spathaceus Nees)
To Plants of the World Online (from synonym Chaetospora nigricans (L.) Kunth)
To Plants of the World Online (from synonym Chaetospora oligostachya Boeckeler)
To Plants of the World Online (from synonym Schoenus compressus C.Presl)
To Plants of the World Online (from synonym Schoenus longus Gand.)
To Plants of the World Online (from synonym Schoenus hypomelas Spreng.)
To Plants of the World Online (from synonym Schoenus aggregatus Thunb.)
To Plants of the World Online (from synonym Schoenus attenuatus Gand.)
To Plants of the World Online (from synonym Schoenus bonanni C.Presl)
To Plants of the World Online (from synonym Schoenus nigricans var. plurisquamatus Kük.)
To Plants of the World Online (from synonym Tetraria capitata Kük.)
To Plants of the World Online (from synonym Schoenus vendeanus Gand.)
To Plants of the World Online (from synonym Schoenus subcontortus Gand.)
To Plants of the World Online (from synonym Schoenus megalocephalus Gand.)
To Plants of the World Online (from synonym Schoenus nigricans var. ambiguus Kük.)
To Plants of the World Online (from synonym Scirpus compressus subsp. bonannii (C.Presl) K.Richt.)
To Plants of the World Online (from synonym Cyperus niger Salisb.)
To ITIS
From editor or global species database
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